In much the same way that the use of silicondid in the 1970s,leadingto the modern information technology industry, the development of advanced functional nanomaterials will fuel many of the emerging industries that will address energy, healthcare, and environmental challengesas well as those inother areas. Therefore, a currentchallengein the field of nanotechnology and materials science is the development of strategies to control the structuring and fabrication of functional materials and devices with potentially atomic scale precision on a large length scale, i.e.up to micro and evencentimetrescales. These new advanced functional materials aim at improving performances anddevelopingnew functionalities.