Unveiling Hidden Dynamics of Biological Process with Optomechanical AFM with sub-µs time resolution
Résumé
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has long been used to study molecular biophysics, but conventional cantilevers with MHz-range frequencies lack the time resolution needed to capture fast, transient biological processes due to their limited resonance frequency as depicted in Figure 1a. Optomechanical AFM probes shown in Figure 1b, which integrate optical cavities with mechanical resonators, offer a breakthrough with sub-fm displacement detection at very high frequencies, reaching the GHz range. With sub-µs time resolution, these high-frequency probes should enable the detection of short-lived, metastable states in processes such as protein unfolding, which are typically missed by conventional techniques. Figure 1c illustrates how conventional cantilevers smoothens out these short-lived states. With optomechanical probes we aim to resolve fast process, allowing detailed analysis of fast dynamics. Additionally, their sub-Å amplitude allows non-perturbative measurements, crucial for accurately studying sensitive biological systems. These capabilities open new avenues for understanding complex molecular interactions, including protein folding and receptor-ligand interactions, advancing our knowledge of key biological processes.